This noun denotes the desert wind which brings feared destruction (Job 27:21 Psa. This is the abstract noun form of the derived meaning (ancient, former) of qedem. Mizrah - The Hebrew word for where the sun rises which emphasizes location rather than direction. But the prophets envision a day when they will be subject to Israel (Isa 11:14). When denoting the dwellers E or NE of Canaan, it frequently refers to tribes hostile to Israel (Num 23:7 Jud 6:3, 33). The "East" may have either good or bad connotations - on the one hand it is the location of Eden, but on the other hand, it was the habitat of the men who built Babel (Gen 11:2). The noun qedem has either a geographical meaning, "east," or a temporal notion "ancient time, aforetime." This noun occurs sixty-one times in the Bible. He sees the past as before him (qedem) the future is behind his back (aharit). The Hebrew conception of time is likened to the situation of a man rowing a boat. The word qedem is also the word for "the past." In the ancient Hebrew mind the past is in front of you while the future is behind you, the opposite way we think of the past and future. קדמני (qadmoni) former, ancient, eastern. קדמה (qadmah) antiquity, former estate, before. Here are a number of the various forms of this Hebrew word we typically translate in the English as meaning East: For example, one of the words for south is teyman from the root yaman meaning "to the right." While we use the north as our major direction, the Hebrews used the east and all other directions are oriented to this direction. "We use north as our major orientation such as in maps which are always oriented to the north. The Hebrew words for the points of the compass are: One implication of this association would be that the origin of all things could have come, does come, and will come from the east. Yet in ancient Hebrew, time and distance refer to the same thing and literally to "the direction of the rising sun," (which we as human beings call the east direction). This is because time, as defined as the distance between two physical events, is not a physical measurement in and of itself.
The implications of this statement are astounding. The Hebrew word for east is קדם "qedem" and literally means "the direction of the rising sun." The ancient Hebrew words that are used to describe distance and direction are also used to describe time. The tenses in Hebrew and Arabic and as well in the Greek are not primarily concerned with time but rather flow or type of action. Anyone who has lived and worked in the near or Middle East knows that they are event oriented rather than time oriented as we westerners. 1915.The eastern mind is not obsessed with time as the western mind is. "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia".
In 2 Timothy 2:15 "rightly dividing" (orthotomeo) is changed to "handling aright" with margin "holding a straight course in the word of truth. In John 1:12 the Revised Version (British and American) reads, "the right to become children of God" for the King James Version "the power" (exousia) in Matthew 20:7,15 "right" is omitted, with the larger part of the verse. Revised Version, among other changes, has "right" for the King James Version "judgment" in Job 27:2 34:5, and for "right" in the King James Version substitutes "straight" in Ezra 8:21, "skillful" in Ecclesiastes 4:4, margin "successful," etc. "Right-hand" or "side" represents Hebrew yamin and kindred forms ( Genesis 48:13,14,17 Exodus 15:6, etc.) the Greek, in this sense, is dexios ( Matthew 6:3 20:21, etc.). In the New Testament the chief word is dikaios, primarily "even," "equal" ( Matthew 20:4 Luke 12:57, etc.) more generally the word is rendered "just" and "righteous." Euthus, used by Septuagint for yashar ( 1 Samuel 12:23 Hosea 14:9), occurs a few times ( Acts 8:21 13:10 2 Peter 2:15) so orthos, "straight," "upright" ( Luke 10:28). The word tsedheq, tsedhaqah, ordinarily translated "righteousness," are in a few cases rendered "right" ( 2 Samuel 19:28 Nehemiah 2:20 Psalms 9:4 17:1 119:75 Ezekiel 18:5, etc.). In Job 34:17, the Revised Version (British and American) has "justice" (34:6, "right"), etc. Of these the two noted are the most important: yashar, with the sense of being straight, direct, as "right in the sight" of Yahweh ( Exodus 15:26 Deuteronomy 12:25, etc.), in one's own eyes ( Judges 17:6), "right words" ( Job 6:25 the King James Version, yosher), "right paths" ( Proverbs 4:11 the King James Version) and mishpaT "judgment" "cause" etc., a forensic term, as "Shall not the Judge of all the earth do right?" ( Genesis 18:25). Many Hebrew words are translated "right," with different shades of meaning. Encyclopedias - International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - Right
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